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Breaking

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Disambig color.svg "Punch" redirects here. For the enchantment, see Enchanting#Punch.
The Player punches trees and gets wood (click to view animation).

Breaking, digging, punching, or mining is one of the most fundamental activities in Minecraft, performed (by default) by holding the left mouse button while the cursor is over a block. Breaking is used to create passages and tunnels, to clear away unwanted blocks, and is also the primary way of acquiring blocks for future placement or crafting.

Basics of breaking[edit | edit source]

Breaking is accomplished simply by holding break while the cursor is over a block. If the player is within range of the target, the player will begin swinging their hand, making a repetitive "thump" noise as the player hits the block, and cracks will begin to appear.

In Java Edition, this range is 5 blocks in Creative mode, and 4.5 blocks otherwise. In Bedrock Editions, the range is 5 blocks when using a keyboard/mouse or controller input, and when using touch input, the range is 12 blocks in Creative mode and 6 blocks otherwise.

When the player is in range, the block will also be marked with a wireframe cube outline[Java Edition only] or will be highlighted,[Pocket Edition only] making the current target easily visible. After the cracks completely cover the block, it will break, and depending on the type of block and the tool being wielded, it may be harvested for resources.

Although many blocks can be harvested with bare hands, the harder ones require the use of a tool. In particular, to get resources from stone or metal-type blocks, the player will need to use a pickaxe. For harder blocks like iron ore or obsidian, not just any pickaxe will do; the player needs one made from a higher tier materials. The player can also use shovels and axes to speed up digging of dirt and wood-type blocks (respectively), although they are not required to get the resource drop. The downside is that tools have durability, and so they eventually wear out.

The progress for breaking a block is reset if the target block changes while breaking. Progress is also reset whenever the mouse button is released. The player can move freely while breaking, and the player can even dig while jumping or swimming; although there is a speed penalty for the latter two.

Speed[edit | edit source]

The speed at which the player digs is controlled by three factors: The block the player is breaking, the item the player is currently wielding, and the mining penalties affecting the player. Every block has a hardness, which determines the base amount of time to break that block if the player hits it with his/her bare hands.

The base time in seconds is the block's hardness multiplied by 1.5 if the player can harvest the block with the current tool, or multiplied by 5 if the player cannot.

Assuming that the player can harvest the block, the next check is whether the player's tool helps speed breaking for this block. See Best tools for a full list.

If the tool helps, then it increases digging speed by a constant multiplier, given in the following table:

Material Nothing Wood Stone Iron Diamond Gold Shears Sword
Multiplier 1x 2x 4x 6x 8x 12x 15x (5x on wool) 1.5x (15x on cobwebs)

If a proper tool is used, this multiplier is further increased by Efficiency. If the level of Efficiency is not 0, then the level squared plus 1 is added to the tool speed. For example, Efficiency I adds 2 to the value, while Efficiency V adds 26. The speed is also increased by (20×level)% per level of Haste, while Mining Fatigue decreases it by 70% for level I, 91% for level II, 99.73% for level III, and 99.919% for all other levels.

Regardless of whether the tool helps or not, breaking can be slowed if the player is not on the ground. Breaking takes 5 times as long if the player is not standing on the ground while digging, and 5 times as long if the player is underwater and lacks armor with Aqua Affinity. These two values can combine, giving a 25× multiplier for a swimming player.

The total time to break a block is always a multiple of 1⁄20 of a second, or 1 game tick, any remainder is rounded up to the next tick.

Instant breaking[edit | edit source]

When breaking a block, a tool plus its enchantments will do its speed value as "damage" to a block every game tick, and when that value equals or exceeds the blocks hardness times 30, the block is broken. If the tool plus enchantments equals or exceeds the hardness times 30, the block is broken with no delay, otherwise there will be a 1⁄4 second delay before the next block is mined. For example, a player with Haste II holding an Efficiency V diamond pickaxe can break stone instantly, as the damage is (8+26)*(1+0.4)=47.6 which is larger than the base hardness of stone, times 30.

Instant breaking does not exist in Pocket Edition as of 0.15.6. Even if the damage dealt by a tool is larger than the base hardness times 30, there will still be the 1⁄4 second delay before the next block is mined.

Best tools[edit | edit source]

Fastest tools to mine specific blocks:

Tool Material Blocks Notes

Axe		 Plants
Shears are required to collect vines.
Wood

Pickaxe
Ice
Must have Silk Touch enchantment to drop an item.
Metal I
Pickaxe is required to collect a block.
Metal II
Stone, iron, or diamond pickaxe is required to collect a block.
Metal III
Iron or diamond pickaxe is required to collect a block.
Other
Shulker Box can be mined with bare hand, but pickaxes mine faster.
Rail
These blocks can also be washed away by water.
Rock I
Pickaxe is required to collect a block.
Monster spawner cannot be collected, it will instead drop xp.
Rock II
Stone, iron or diamond pickaxe is required to collect a block.
Rock III
Iron or diamond pickaxe is required to collect a block.
Rock IV
Diamond pickaxe is required to collect a block. For Glowing Obsidian, Silk Touch is needed to collect the block, or it will drop regular obsidian.

Shears		 Leaves
Shears or any Silk Touch-enchanted tools are required to collect a block.
Leaves will drop their alternative items if any other tool is used.
Web
Can also be washed away by water.
Sword or water is required to collect string. Shears or Silk Touch enchantment are required to collect cobweb.
Wool

Shovel		 Ground
Must have Silk Touch enchantment to drop grass block, mycelium or podzol and not get dirt as a result.
Snow
Shovel is required to collect snowballs from snow-type blocks.

Sword		 Plants
Only Jack o'Lantern and pumpkin drop themselves when broken with a sword. See the other categories for the correct tools/enchantments.
Web
Can also be washed away by water.
Sword or water is required to collect string. Shears or Silk Touch enchantment are required to collect cobweb.
Any (all tools are equally efficient) Circuits
Glass
For glass, glass panes, glowstones, sea lanterns, stained glass and stained glass panes to drop themselves, they must be mined with a tool enchanted with Silk Touch.
Other
Carpet can also be washed away by water.
Dragon egg cannot be mined directly because hitting it causes it to teleport.
Piston
Plants
Any (instantly breaks; doesn't damage tools) Circuits
These blocks can also be washed away by water.
Destroying the tripwire while not holding shears will trigger a redstone pulse.
Other
Torches can be washed away by water.
Plants
These blocks, except sugarcane, can also be washed out by water.
Fern and tall grass must be mined with shears; or they will drop nothing. Dead bushes must be mined with shears to drop themselves; if anything else is used, only sticks will drop.
None (unbreakable) Liquid
The source block can be picked up with a bucket.
Other
Nether Portal can be broken by placing water in place of it. Invisible Bedrock will simply be targeted through like air and liquids.

Blocks by hardness[edit | edit source]

The following table shows the time it takes to break each type of block. Values with a red background indicate that it cannot be harvested by that quality of tool. If there is no tool that helps speed up mining the block, the five "tool" columns are left empty. Few blocks are harvested faster with shears or a sword. These speeds are listed in the last two columns, but only if it's different than "nothing".

Note that some blocks, don't drop anything even when they are mined with the proper tool; these are marked with a yellow background.

Any blocks with a breaking time of 0.05 seconds or less can be broken without the 1⁄4 second delay. See instant breaking above.

[edit values]

Block Hardness Tool Breaking time[note 1]
Hand Wooden Stone Iron Diamond Golden Shears Sword

Barrier		 ∞ — ∞ — — — — — — —

Bedrock		 ∞ — ∞ — — — — — — —

Command Block		 ∞ — ∞ — — — — — — —

End Portal		 ∞ — ∞ — — — — — — —

End Portal Frame		 ∞ — ∞ — — — — — — —

Portal		 ∞ — ∞ — — — — — — —

Lava[note 2]		 100 — ∞ — — — — — — —

Structure Block		 ∞ — ∞ — — — — — — —

Structure Void		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Water[note 2]		 100 — ∞ — — — — — — —

Obsidian		 50
250 125 62.5 41.7 9.4 20.85 — —

Ender Chest		 22.5
112.5 16.9 8.45 5.65 4.25 2.85 — —

Anvil		 5
25 3.75 1.9 1.25 0.95 0.65 — —

Block of Coal		 5
25 3.75 1.9 1.25 0.95 0.65 — —

Block of Diamond		 5
25 12.5 6.25 1.25 0.95 2.1 — —

Block of Emerald		 5
25 12.5 6.25 1.25 0.95 2.1 — —

Block of Iron		 5
25 12.5 1.9 1.25 0.95 2.1 — —

Block of Redstone		 5
25 3.75 1.9 1.25 0.95 0.65 — —

Enchantment Table		 5
25 3.75 1.9 1.25 0.95 0.65 — —

Iron Bars		 5
25 3.75 1.9 1.25 0.95 0.65 — —

Iron Door		 5
25 3.75 1.9 1.25 0.95 0.65 — —

Iron Trapdoor		 5
25 3.75 1.9 1.25 0.95 0.65 — —

Monster Spawner		 5
25 3.75 1.9 1.25 0.95 0.65 — —

Cobweb		 4 — 20 — — — — — 0.4 0.4

Dispenser		 3.5
17.5 2.65 1.35 0.9 0.7 0.45 — —

Dropper		 3.5
17.5 2.65 1.35 0.9 0.7 0.45 — —

Furnace		 3.5
17.5 2.65 1.35 0.9 0.7 0.45 — —

Beacon		 3 — 4.5 — — — — — — —

Block of Gold		 3
15 7.5 3.75 0.75 0.6 1.25 — —

Coal Ore		 3
15 2.25 1.15 0.75 0.6 0.4 — —

Dragon Egg[note 3]		 3 — 4.5 — — — — — — —

Diamond Ore		 3
15 7.5 3.75 0.75 0.6 1.25 — —

Emerald Ore		 3
15 7.5 3.75 0.75 0.6 1.25 — —

End Stone		 3
15 2.25 1.15 0.75 0.6 0.4 — —

Gold Ore		 3
15 7.5 3.75 0.75 0.6 1.25 — —

Hopper		 3
15 2.25 1.15 0.75 0.6 0.4 — —

Iron Ore		 3
15 7.5 1.15 0.75 0.6 1.25 — —

Lapis Lazuli Block		 3
15 7.5 1.15 0.75 0.6 1.25 — —

Lapis Lazuli Ore		 3
15 7.5 1.15 0.75 0.6 1.25 — —

Nether Quartz Ore		 3
15 2.25 1.15 0.75 0.6 0.4 — —

Redstone Ore		 3
15 7.5 3.75 0.75 0.6 1.25 — —

Wooden Trapdoor		 3
4.5 2.25 1.15 0.75 0.6 0.4 — —

Wooden Door		 3
4.5 2.25 1.15 0.75 0.6 0.4 — —

Chest		 2.5
3.75 1.9 0.95 0.65 0.5 0.35 — —

Trapped Chest		 2.5
3.75 1.9 0.95 0.65 0.5 0.35 — —

Crafting Table		 2.5
3.75 1.9 0.95 0.65 0.5 0.35 — —

Bone Block		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Brick Stairs		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Bricks		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Cauldron		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Cobblestone		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Cobblestone Stairs		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Cobblestone Wall		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Fence		 2
3 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Fence Gate		 2
3 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Jukebox		 2
3 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Moss Stone		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Nether Brick		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Red Nether Brick		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Nether Brick Fence		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Nether Brick Stairs		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Stone Slab		 2
10 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Wood		 2
3 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Wood Planks		 2
3 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Wooden Slabs		 2
3 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Wooden Stairs		 2
3 1.5 0.75 0.5 0.4 0.25 — —

Concrete		 1.8
2.7 1.35 0.7 0.45 0.35 0.25 — —

Andesite		 1.5
7.5 1.15 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 — —

Bookshelf		 1.5
2.25 1.15 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 — —

Dark Prismarine		 1.5
7.5 1.15 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 — —

Diorite		 1.5
7.5 1.15 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 — —

Granite		 1.5
7.5 1.15 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 — —

Prismarine		 1.5
7.5 1.15 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 — —

Prismarine Bricks		 1.5
7.5 1.15 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 — —

Stone		 1.5
7.5 1.15 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 — —

Stone Brick		 1.5
7.5 1.15 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 — —

Stone Brick Stairs		 1.5
7.5 1.15 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2 — —

Glazed Terracotta		 1.4
2.1 1.05 0.55 0.35 0.3 0.2 — —

Terracotta		 1.25
6.25 0.95 0.5 0.35 0.25 0.2 — —

Banner		 1
1.5 0.75 0.4 0.25 0.2 0.15 — —

Jack o'Lantern		 1
1.5 0.75 0.4 0.25 0.2 0.15 — 1

Melon		 1
1.5 0.75 0.4 0.25 0.2 0.15 — 1

Mob head		 1 — 1.5 — — — — — — —

Nether Wart Block		 1 — 1.5 — — — — — — —

Pumpkin		 1
1.5 0.75 0.4 0.25 0.2 0.15 — 1

Sign		 1
1.5 0.75 0.4 0.25 0.2 0.15 — —

Block of Quartz		 0.8
4 0.65 0.35 0.2 0.2 0.1 — —

Note Block		 0.8
1.25 0.65 0.35 0.2 0.2 0.1 — —

Quartz Stairs		 0.8
4 0.65 0.35 0.2 0.2 0.1 — —

Red Sandstone		 0.8
4 0.65 0.35 0.2 0.2 0.1 — —

Red Sandstone Stairs		 0.8
4 0.65 0.35 0.2 0.2 0.1 — —

Sandstone		 0.8
4 0.65 0.35 0.2 0.2 0.1 — —

Sandstone Stairs		 0.8
4 0.65 0.35 0.2 0.2 0.1 — —

Wool		 0.8 — 1.25 — — — — — 0.25 —

Monster Egg		 0.75 — 1.15 — — — — — — —

Rails		 0.7
1.05 0.55 0.3 0.2 0.15 0.1 — —

Clay		 0.6
0.9 0.45 0.25 0.15 0.15 0.1 — —

Farmland		 0.6
0.9 0.45 0.25 0.15 0.15 0.1 — —

Grass Block		 0.6
0.9 0.45 0.25 0.15 0.15 0.1 — —

Gravel		 0.6
0.9 0.45 0.25 0.15 0.15 0.1 — —

Mycelium		 0.6
0.9 0.45 0.25 0.15 0.15 0.1 — —

Lily Pad		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Sponge		 0.6 — 0.9 — — — — — — —

Wet Sponge		 0.6 — 0.9 — — — — — — —

Brewing Stand		 0.5
2.5 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Button		 0.5 — 0.75 — — — — — — —

Cake		 0.5 — 0.75 — — — — — — —

Coarse Dirt		 0.5
0.75 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Concrete Powder		 0.5
0.75 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Dirt		 0.5
0.75 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Frosted Ice		 0.5 — 2.5 — — — — — — —

Hay Bale		 0.5 — 0.75 — — — — — — —

Ice		 0.5
0.75 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Lever		 0.5 — 0.75 — — — — — — —

Magma Block		 0.5
2.5 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Packed Ice		 0.5
0.75 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Piston		 0.5 — 0.75 — — — — — — —

Sand		 0.5
0.75 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Soul Sand		 0.5
0.75 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Stone Pressure Plate		 0.5
2.5 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Weighted Pressure Plate		 0.5
2.5 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Wooden Pressure Plate		 0.5
0.75 0.4 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.1 — —

Cactus		 0.4 — 0.65 — — — — — — —

Ladder		 0.4
0.65 0.35 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.05 — —

Netherrack		 0.4
2 0.35 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.05 — —

Glass		 0.3 — 0.45 — — — — — — —

Glass Pane		 0.3 — 0.45 — — — — — — —

Glowstone		 0.3 — 0.45 — — — — — — —

Redstone Lamp		 0.3 — 0.45 — — — — — — —

Sea Lantern		 0.3 — 0.45 — — — — — — —

Stained Glass		 0.3 — 0.45 — — — — — — —

Stained Glass Pane		 0.3 — 0.45 — — — — — — —

Bed		 0.2 — 0.35 — — — — — — —

Cocoa		 0.2
0.35 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.05 — 0.2

Daylight Sensor		 0.2
0.35 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.05 — —

Huge Mushrooms		 0.2
0.35 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.05 — —

Leaves[note 4]		 0.2 — 0.35 — — — — — 0.05 0.2

Snow		 0.2
1 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.05 — —

Vines		 0.2
0.35 0.2 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.35 0.2

Carpet		 0.1 — 0.2 — — — — — — —

Snow (layer)		 0.1
0.5 0.1 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 — —

Air[note 2]		 0 — ∞ — — — — — — —

Carrots		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Dead Bush		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — 0.05 —

Fire		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Flower Pot		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Flowers		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Grass[note 5]		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — 0.05 —

Melon Stem		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Mushrooms		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Nether Wart		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Potatoes		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Pumpkin Stem		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Redstone Comparator		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Redstone Repeater		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Redstone Torch		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Redstone Wire		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Saplings		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Slime Block		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Sugar Cane		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

TNT		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Torch		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Tripwire		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Tripwire Hook		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —

Wheat		 0 — 0.05 — — — — — — —
Block Hardness Tool Breaking time[note 1]
Hand Wooden Stone Iron Diamond Golden Shears Sword
  1. ↑ Times are for unenchanted tools in seconds.
  2. ↑ a b c These blocks cannot be targeted (the block behind them is mined instead), so they cannot be broken, even though in code they have a finite hardness.
  3. ↑ The dragon egg can be mined directly only when there aren't any air blocks available for it to teleport to.
  4. ↑ Leaves only drop themselves when broken with shears, any other tool randomly drops saplings or apples
  5. ↑ Grass only drop itself when broken with shears, any other tool randomly drops seeds

Video[edit | edit source]

History[edit | edit source]

Official release
1.0.0 Beta 1.9-pre4 Efficiency enchantment added, which mines blocks faster.
Beta 1.9-pre6 The mining time of many blocks were made a lot faster, including redstone ore, stone bricks, nether brick, iron bars, doors, monster spawners and obsidian.
Several blocks' tool weaknesses have been fixed, such as crafting tables now mining faster with an axe and rails now mining faster with a pickaxe.
Mined stairs of any materials will drop a stair block now instead of a block form of its material.
1.3.1 12w22a Mining ores (except gold ore and iron ore) rewards the player with experience orbs.
12w23a You can see the block breaking animation when other players break blocks.
1.4.6 12w50a The Efficiency enchantment no longer applies when mining blocks of the wrong type (ex: Efficiency pickaxes don't increase the mining speed of dirt). This is a consequence of the new rule "the mining speed of a block will only be increased when it is mined with the correct tool".
1.8 ? The proper tool now increases the breaking speed of a block even if it is not the correct grade.
Pocket Edition Alpha
0.7.2 Buckets can no longer be used to literally mine water and lava.[1]
0.12.1 build 12 Breaking sounds are now the same as on PC.

Trivia[edit | edit source]

  • In the code, blocks use a hardness value of -1 in order to make blocks unbreakable.


Gameplay

View at: Template:Gameplay/content [edit]
  1. ↑ MCPE-2564
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