Transportation

A minecart, one method of transportation

Transportation involves the methods by which players move around the world or between dimensions (the Overworld, the Nether and the End).

Methods

NOTE: As 1 block is 1 m³, 1 m/s is equal to 1 block per second. Thus for convenience, all speeds are shown in SI Units. 1 m/s equals 3.28 ft/s and 1 km/h equals 0.621 MPH. It is important to remember that the speeds also assume that the form of transportation doesn’t have, if any or if possible, the Speed or Slowness status effect. Some forms are not affected by status effects. Elytras are only slower than listed below if the player has the Slow Falling status effect.

Method	Conditions	Running start?	Average speed (m/s)	Average speed (km/h)	Works in Nether	Average speed (m/s) Overworld equivalent	Average speed (km/h) Overworld equivalent
Walking	Flat terrain	No	4.3	15.5	Yes	34.4	124.0
Sprinting	Flat terrain	No	5.6	20.2	Yes	44.8	161.6
Sneaking	Flat terrain	No	1.3	4.7	Yes	10.4	37.6
Minecart	Powered Track	Yes, small	8.0	28.8	Yes	64.0	230.4
	1⁄4 slope track	No	7.1	25.6	Yes	56.8	204.8
Boat	1⁄4 slope rapids	Yes, small	7.3	26.4	No, no water can be placed	N/A	N/A
	1⁄4 slope rapids	No	7.0	25.2	No, no water can be placed	N/A	N/A
	Flat ice Flat packed ice Flat frosted ice	No	40.0	144.0	Yes	320	1152
	Flat blue ice	No	70.0	252.0	Yes	560	2016
	Flat water	No	8.0	28.8	No, no water can be placed	N/A	N/A
Saddled pig	Flat terrain	No	4.0	14.4	Yes	32.0	115.2
	Flat terrain, using carrot on a stick	Yes	8.0	28.8	Yes	64.0	230.4
Horse	Flat terrain	No	9.675	34.83	Yes	77.4	278.6
	Flat terrain, fastest possible horse breed	No	14.57	52.45	Yes	116.6	419.6
Donkey Mule	Flat terrain	No	7.525	27.125	Yes	60.2	217.0
Zombie horse Skeleton horse	Flat terrain	No	8.62	31.03	Yes	68.9	248.2
Swimming	Still water, surface	No	2.20	7.92	No, no water can be placed	N/A	N/A
	Still water, underwater	No	1.97	7.09	No, no water can be placed	N/A	N/A
	Upstream, underwater	No	0.39	1.40	No, no water can be placed	N/A	N/A
	Downstream, underwater	No	1.81	6.52	No, no water can be placed	N/A	N/A
	While Diving	No	0.39	1.40	No, no water can be placed	N/A	N/A
	Downstream, underwater, standing	No	1.37	4.93	No, no water can be placed	N/A	N/A
Flying (horizontal)	Creative Mode Spectator Mode	Yes	11.0	39.6	Yes	88.0	316.8
	Sprint-flying	Yes	22.0	79.2	Yes	176.0	633.6
Ender Pearl	Thrown 15º above horizontal	No	~23.0	~82.8	Yes	~184.0	~662.4
	Biggest TNT pearl cannon	Yes	max. 3000	max. 10800	Yes	max. 24000	max. 86400
Elytra	Gliding at 0° pitch	Yes, small	30.0	108	Yes	240	864
	Continuous rocket boost	No	33.5	120.6	Yes	268	964.8
	Gliding at 52° pitch down	Yes	67.3	242.3	Yes	538.4	1938.2

Potions

Using potion effects (including beacon effects), walking and sprinting speeds become competitive with other methods of transportation.

Each additional level of
Speed allows the player to walk at nearly the sprinting speed of the previous level, and sprinting with Speed II is only slightly slower than a minecart at full speed or a boosted pig. With adequate food and potion supplies, sprinting may be more cost-effective than building high-speed transportation systems.

Effect level	Walking speed (m/s)	Sprinting speed (m/s)
none	4.317	5.612
Speed	5.181	6.735
Speed II	6.044	7.857

Commands

Using the /effect command, extremely high or low speeds become reachable. At exceedingly high levels (100+), the player moves faster than chunks can load.

Effect level	Sneaking speed (m/s)	Walking speed (m/s)	Sprinting speed (m/s)
Speed 50	14.25	47.49	61.74
Speed 127	34.19	113.97	148.17
Speed 256	67.61	225.36	292.96

Vertical transportation

There are some examples of purely vertical transportation methods:

Method	Conditions	Average speed (m/s)
Jumping	Climbing slope without stairs, pillar jumping, etc	2.0
Stairs	Ascending	3.2
	Descending	3.6
Ladder	Ascending	2.35
	Descending	3.0
Waterfall	No adjacent blocks	2.0
	Ascending, with adjacent blocks	0.6
	Descending, with adjacent blocks	3.4
Lavafall	Using a Potion of Fire Resistance	0.8
Levitation	Level 1	0.9
Flying	Creative Spectator	7.5
Falling	No blocks below player	86.7
Swimming	Water	0.39

Falling speed is more complex: Every tick (¹⁄₂₀ second), non-flying players and mobs have their vertical speed decremented (less upward motion, more downward motion) by 0.08 blocks per tick (1.6 m/s), then multiplied by 0.98. This would produce a terminal velocity of 3.92 blocks per tick, or 78.4 m/s. However, the sky isn't quite high enough for that: Falling from layer 256 to bedrock takes about 5.5 seconds, with impact at 3.5 blocks per tick (70 m/s). (In creative mode, you can fly higher, and could potentially reach terminal velocity falling from "above the sky".)

A function to calculate the speed of a (free)falling player is the following: v(t) = (0.98^floor(t) - 1) × 3.92. The velocity v is in blocks/tick (or meters/tick), and the time t is in ticks. The usual downward velocity will be negative. t is floored because Minecraft only updates your velocity once a tick (so, for example, your velocity at t=3.4 will be exactly the same as your velocity at t=3.0).

Integrating the previous yields an estimate of the distance fallen by tick: d(t) = 196 - 3.92 × t - 194.04 × 0.98^t-0.5. Again, distance fallen is negative. The derivation of this distance estimate, and Java code for generating the exact distace, can be found here.

Other modes of transportation

• Players are also able to use pistons for transport.
  • It is possible to construct complex flying machines using pistons, blocks of redstone, and slime blocks.
• Dying is an instant mode of transportation that will take you to your bed or spawn point, but at the cost of all of your items and XP (if the keepInventory gamerule is disabled) and your world (on Hardcore).
  • If the player has already defeated the ender dragon, and is near a stronghold/End portal, they can enter and exit the End to instantly be transported to their bed or spawn point without dying.
• Standing next to an explosion will send you flying for a certain distance, depending on the strength of the explosion.
  • Not recommended in Survival mode.
  • Due to to how damage is calculated after explosion knockback, you can’t take damage if you make the player cannon powerful enough.
• It is possible to mount minecarts and boats as long as they are within 4-5 blocks (inclusive) from the player. Placing minecarts in a straight line allows for extremely fast transport. This also works with saddled pigs, provided they stay in position (placed on posts).

Achievements

Main article: Achievements

Icon	Achievement	In-game description	Actual requirements (if different)	Availability				Xbox points earned	Trophy type (PS)
				Xbox	PS	Bedrock	Nintendo
	On A Rail	Travel by minecart to a point at least 500m in a single direction from where you started.	Travel by minecart to a point at least 500 m from where you started. Distance is measured in a straight line.	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	40G	Gold
	Beam Me Up	Teleport over 100 meters from a single throw of an ender pearl		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	20G	Silver
	Super Sonic	Use elytra to fly through a 1 by 1 gap while moving faster than 40 m/s		Yes	Yes	Alt	Yes	60G	Gold
				Alt		Yes		30G

Advancements

Main article: Advancements

Icon	Advancement	In-game description	Parent	Actual requirements (if different)	Internal ID
	Subspace Bubble	Use the Nether to travel 7km in the Overworld	Nether	Use the Nether to travel between 2 points in the Overworld with a minimum horizontal distance of 7000 blocks between each other.	minecraft:nether/fast_travel

Video

Note: This video is outdated as another form of transportation (elytra) was added in 1.9.

History

Java Edition Pre-classic
rd-132211					Added walking as the first form of locomotion.
Java Edition Classic
0.0.12a					Added water and lava. "Swimming" (more akin to treading water) introduced.
Java Edition Infdev
June 18, 2010					Added minecarts.
June 25, 2010, 2					Added saddles, which made it possible to use pigs as a (somewhat unreliable) method of transportation.
Java Edition Alpha
v1.0.6					Added boats.
v1.1.1					Added sneaking.
v1.2.0			preview		Added the Nether, which could be used as a fast travel zone since any distance covered in the Nether is multiplied by 8 in the Overworld.
Java Edition Beta
1.5					Added powered rails, which removed the need for "booster" minecarts.
1.8			?		Sprinting and flying were added in the Adventure Update.
					Fixed an infamous bug where walking on the edges of blocks would accumulate step sounds and rapidly play them upon touching solid ground.
Java Edition
1.0.0			Beta 1.9 Prerelease 2		Added ender pearls, which can be thrown, teleporting the player to where it lands.
			Beta 1.9 Prerelease 3		Speed potions added, allowing for faster travel.
1.3.1			12w23a		Boats were made faster.
1.4.2			12w36a		Added carrot on a stick in the Pretty Scary Update, which made it possible to control saddled pigs. They start slow but will end up going up to 5 blocks per second (5m/sec).
					Before this update, the player had no control over the pig's wandering, so this was not a practical form of long-distance transportation. After this update, however, the pig did not jump when being controlled, so transportation was still limited (to the same height or downhill directions).
			12w37a		Saddled pigs now jump over blocks when being directed with the carrot on a stick.
			12w38a		Teleportation by Nether Portal is now instantaneous in creative mode.
1.6.1			13w16a		Added horses in the Horse Update.
			13w16b		Made horses slower and reduced the amount of gliding.
1.7.2			13w36a		Added ability to "sprint" in minecarts, boats and horses, and while flying in Creative Mode, speeding them up slightly.
1.8			14w05a		Added Spectator mode in the Bountiful Update, one of the fastest methods of transportation due to its no-clip ability and adjustable flying speed.
1.9			15w31a		Added levitation.
			15w41a		Added elytra in the Combat Update, which is currently the fastest legitimate method of transportation in the game.
1.13			18w07a		Added the ability to sprint while in water, which causes the player to dive to the ground and actually swim. This is much faster than the previous form.
Pocket Edition Alpha
0.1.0					Added water, therefore allowing swimming.
0.2.0					Added flying.
0.8.0			build 2		Added minecarts and rails, allowing travel by minecart.
0.11.0			build 1		Added boats.
0.12.1			build 1		Added sneaking and sprinting.
0.14.0			build 1		Added ender pearls.
0.15.0			build 1		Added horses.
					Added saddles, which can be equipped on horses and pigs to ride them.
					Added carrot on a stick to control pigs when riding.
Pocket Edition
1.0			build 1		Added elytra.

Issues

Issues relating to "Transportation" are maintained on the bug tracker. Report issues there.

References

Gameplay

View at: Template:Gameplay/content [edit]