Hopper

This article is about the block. For the crash utility, see Hopper (crash utility).

Hopper

Renewable	Yes
Stackable	Yes (64)
Tool
Blast resistance	4.8
Hardness	3
Luminant	No
Transparent	Yes
Flammable	No
Catches fire from lava	No

A hopper is a block that can be used to catch item entities, or to transfer items into and out of containers.

Obtaining

Breaking

To break a hopper, mine it with a pickaxe. Using any other item to break a hopper does not drop the block.

Block	Hopper
Hardness	3
Tool
Breaking time
Default	15
Wooden	2.25
Stone	1.15
Iron	0.75
Diamond	0.6
Netherite	0.5
Golden	0.4

Minecarts with hopper

A hopper can also be obtained by destroying a minecart with hopper.

Crafting

A hopper can be crafted from 5 iron ingots and a chest.

Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Iron Ingot + Chest

Usage

See also: Tutorials/Hopper

Hoppers can face down or sideways.

A hopper can be used as a container, as a crafting ingredient, and as a redstone component.

A hopper has an "output" tube at its bottom that can face down or sideways and provides a visual indication of which block the hopper is set up to drop its items into, if that block has an inventory. To place a hopper, use the Place Block control while aiming at the surface to which its output should face (Hoppers do not orient themselves automatically). To place a hopper directly on the face of an already interactable block, the player can sneak while placing the hopper. Attempting to place a hopper aimed on the bottom face of a block instead faces downward. A hopper does not change direction after placement, and it is not attached to the container it faces; the container can be removed or replaced, and the hopper remains unchanged.

Hoppers cannot be moved by pistons.‌^{[Java Edition only]} Despite not being a solid block, attached blocks such as rails, levers, tripwire and redstone dust can be placed on top of hoppers (but not on their side).

Container

Hopper GUI showing the hopper's five slots of inventory at the top and the player's inventory below.

A hopper can be used as a container and has 5 slots of inventory space.

To open the hopper GUI, use the Use Item/Place Block control. To move items between the hopper inventory and the player inventory or hotbar while the hopper GUI is open, drag or shift-click the items. To exit the hopper GUI, use the Esc control.

By default, the GUI of a hopper is labeled "Item Hopper". A hopper's GUI label can be changed by naming the hopper in an anvil before placing it, or, in Java Edition, by using the data command‌^{[Java Edition only]} (for example, to label a hopper at (0,64,0) "Steve's Hopper", use /data merge block 0 64 0 {CustomName:'"Steve's Hopper"'}).

In Java Edition, a hopper can be "locked" (or subsequently unlocked) by setting the hopper's Lock tag with the data command. If a hopper's Lock tag is not blank, the hopper cannot be accessed except by players holding an item with the same name as the Lock tag's text. For example, to lock a hopper at (0,64,0) so that only players holding an item named "Steve's Key" can access the hopper, use /data merge block 0 64 0 {Lock:"Steve's Key"}.

Crafting ingredient

A hopper can be used to craft a minecart with hopper.

Name	Ingredients	Crafting recipe
Minecart with Hopper	Hopper + Minecart

Redstone component

See also: Redstone circuit and Redstone components § Hopper

A hopper's behavior is the opposite of most redstone mechanisms as a redstone signal turns the hopper off rather than turning it on. Because of this reverse behavior, an activated hopper is actually turned off. To avoid confusion over the terms activated and deactivated, powered hoppers are often described as being locked and unpowered hoppers described as being unlocked.

Hoppers can be powered by soft powered blocks, meaning a redstone dust trail pointing into a block touching the hopper locks it just as effectively as a redstone block or any other power component touching the hopper.

An unlocked hopper has three functions:

• Collect item entities (free-floating items in the world) into its inventory from the space above it
• Pull a single item into its inventory from a container above it
• Push a single item from its own inventory into a container it faces

A hopper with a container above it, such as a furnaces, chests, or another hopper, cannot collect dropped items; for run-time efficiency, the hopper's code doesn't check for floating items. Dropped items can still be collected from a hopper with a regular block above it, however. Items are gathered from the entire 1 block space block above the hopper, meaning that items sitting on partial blocks such as soul sand can be collected. It is also possible for a hopper to collect items from inside a full, solid block, a situation that might come from items rising up through solid blocks or being summoned. Item entities are not collected when they are outside of this 1 block area however; items on top of a stone block are not collected. Hoppers check for dropped items every game tick and they can collect items even before they are picked up by a player or destroyed by lava.

Hoppers have a "transfer cooldown" time. After pulling and/or pushing items, a hopper waits 4 redstone ticks (0.4 seconds, barring lag) before pulling or pushing again (a transfer rate of 2.5 items per second, barring lag). A hopper that has an item pushed into it from another hopper also starts a 4 tick cooldown period, regardless of whether it pushed or pulled items itself. Item entities can be collected at any time without affecting the transfer cooldown time, and they can collected entire grouped stacks of items rather than collecting singular items at a time. As a result, hoppers pull much more slowly than they collect. Pulling from a moving minecart with chest or minecart with hopper is even slower, since the minecart is not always above the hopper.

A
	B

Push then Pull

Chest A is full of items while the hopper and Chest B are empty.

Item pushes and pulls are processed in the same game tick, but pushes are processed before pulls. In the schematic, the empty hopper first pulls an item from chest A as it cannot push anything into chest B. After the cooldown, the hopper first pushes its item into chest B before pulling another item from chest A, both pushing and pulling in the same tick. This process repeats until chest B is full, at which point, assuming more items are placed in chest A, the hopper begin pulling exclusively as it cannot push an item into full chest B.

A hopper always tries to push, pull, and collect items using the leftmost available slot. When a hopper is removing items from a chest, the items disappear from left to right. Similarly, when filling up a chest, the chest fills up from left to right. Hoppers prioritize pulling from the first slot of a container over pulling into the first hopper slot. If a hopper has stone in its first slot and nothing in its second while the container it is pulling from has chicken in its first slot but stone in the second, the hopper pulls the chicken from the first slot of the container into its empty second slot. However, if the hopper is unable to pull the chicken, such as if all slots are filled with stone, the hopper pulls the stone from the second slot of the container instead. Similarly, hoppers prioritize pushing from their first slot over pushing into the first slot of a container. If a hopper has stone in its first slot and chicken in its second while the container it is pushing to has chicken it its first slot but stone in the second, the hopper pushes stone from its first slot into the second slot of the container.

Some containers interact with hoppers in specific ways:

Dispenser

Dropper

Dispensers and droppers interact with hoppers normally.

Composter

Hoppers above composters can push compostable items into the composter's top face with a chance of increasing the level of the composter as if the player used the item on the composter. Items that are not compostable cannot be pushed into the composter. Hoppers below the composter can pull bone meal when the composter is in stage 8, emptying the composter and resetting it to stage 0. Hoppers to the side of a composter do not interact with it.

Brewing Stand

A working hopper on the top face of a brewing stand deposits only into the ingredient slot and it can push only valid brewing ingredients. A hopper on side face of a brewing stand can deposit only blaze powder or filled bottles into the three brew slots. A hopper underneath a brewing stand always extracts from the three brew slots, whether brewing is finished or not—The hopper must be locked to allow potions to finish brewing.

Chest

Trapped Chest

Large chests and large trapped chests are treated as a single container: A hopper depositing into a large chest fills up the entire chest and a hopper underneath a large chest empties the entire chest. Trapped chests being accessed by a player lock any adjacent hoppers, per the standard behavior of a hopper next to an active power source.

Barrel

Barrels interact with hoppers normally.

Furnace

Blast Furnace

Smoker

A working hopper pointing into top face of a furnace deposits only into the ingredient slot. It can push any item, including items that can't be smelted by the furnace. A hopper on the side face deposits into the fuel slot and it can push only items that are usable as fuel. A hopper below a furnace pulls only from the output slot, with the exception of pulling empty buckets from the fuel slot left over from using lava buckets as fuel. When a hopper removes items from a furnace, the experience points are 'stored' in the furnace until the player removes at least one smelted item.

Hopper

A sequence of three or more hoppers, each pushing items into the next, is called a hopper pipe. Working horizontal hopper pipes simply push items into each other at the expected rate of 2.5 items per second, but vertical hopper pipes are more complicated, as the hoppers are trying both to pull and to push. When a vertical pipe pulls from a single container, it simply transfers items at 2.5 items per second because the transfer rate is limited by the first hopper pulling items from the container. If a stack of items is in a vertical pipe, either from collecting a dropped item stack, being manually placed inside, or a hopper being fed from multiple sources, the items can be transferred twice as fast, because the hopper with the item stack is pushing items down while the hopper below it is also pulling items down.

A redstone comparator measuring the fullness of a hopper in a hopper pipe usually reads a continuous stream of items instead of blinking on and off as each item passes, but because pulls and pushes both occur in the same game tick, certain hoppers in a vertical hopper pipe may never power comparators even with a continuous stream of items: Their items get pulled out a single game tick after they're pushed in, which isn't measurable by a comparator—In Java Edition, comparators need measurements of at least 1.5 redstone ticks to produce a reading.

Minecart with Chest

Minecart with Hopper

Unlocked hoppers fill chest minecarts and hopper minecarts if any part of the entity's hitbox is within the hopper's target block-space. Hopper minecarts try to pull items from the hopper at high speed. Hoppers can pull items from minecarts above them so rails can be placed directly on the top faces of a hoppers. If a detector rail is in the right position, it could lock the hopper per standard redstone-hopper behavior.

Jukebox

In Bedrock Edition, discs play instantly when inserted.

Shulker Box

Hoppers cannot put shulker boxes into other shulker boxes. This allows for the creation of certain item filters.

Otherwise, hoppers interact with shulker boxes normally.

Lectern

Hoppers cannot remove or place books on lecterns. The redstone pulse emitted from a lectern when a page is turned can temporarily lock hoppers however.

Ender Chest

Hoppers cannot interact with ender chests in any way.

A disabled hopper does not pull items from above (including item entities) or push them out, but may receive items from other droppers and hoppers, and may have its items removed by another hopper beneath it. To stop item transfer in a horizontal hopper pipe, only one hopper must be disabled, but to stop item transfer in a vertical hopper pipe, it is necessary to disable two hoppers in a row (because if a single hopper is disabled, the hopper above it can still push items into it and the hopper below it can still pull items from it).

Sounds

Java Edition:

Sound	Subtitle	Source	Description	Namespaced ID	Translation key	Volume	Pitch	Attenuation distance
	Block broken	Blocks	Breaking the block	block.metal.break	subtitles.block.generic.break	1.0	1.2	16
	None	Blocks	Falling on the block with fall damage	block.metal.fall	None	0.5	1.25	16
	Block breaking	Blocks	Mining the block	block.metal.hit	subtitles.block.generic.hit	0.25	0.75	16
	Block placed	Blocks	Placing the block	block.metal.place	subtitles.block.generic.place	1.0	1.2	16
	Footsteps	Blocks	Walking on the block	block.metal.step	subtitles.block.generic.footsteps	0.15	1.5	16

Bedrock Edition: ^{[needs in-game testing]}

Sound	Description	Namespaced ID	Volume	Pitch
?	Breaking the block	dig.metal	?	1.2
?	Falling on the block with fall damage	fall.metal	?	?
?	Mining the block	hit.metal	?	0.75
?	Jumping from the block	jump.metal	?	?
?	Falling on the block without fall damage	land.metal	?	?
?	Walking on the block	step.metal	?	?
?	Placing the block	use.metal	?	1.2

Data values

ID

Java Edition:

Name	Namespaced ID	Translation key
Hopper	hopper	block.minecraft.hopper

Name	Namespaced ID
Block entity	hopper

Bedrock Edition:

Hopper	Namespaced ID	Numeric ID	Translation key
Block	hopper	154	tile.hopper.name
Item	hopper	410	item.hopper.name

Name	Savegame ID
Block entity	?

Block data

See also: Data values

In Bedrock Edition, a hopper uses its block data to specify its orientation and activation status.

Bits	Values
0x1 0x2 0x4	A three-bit field storing a value from 0 to 5: 0: Output facing down 1: (unused) 2: Output facing north 3: Output facing south 4: Output facing west 5: Output facing east
0x8	Set if activated/disabled.

Block states

See also: Block states

Java Edition:

Name	Default value	Allowed values	Description
enabled	true	false true	True if hopper can move items to and from its inventory. When the hopper is being powered by redstone current, this is set to false.
facing	down	down east north south west	The direction the hopper's output points. The hopper pushes items into containers in this direction only.

Bedrock Edition:

Name	Default value	Allowed values	Description
facing_direction	0	0 1 2 3 4	The direction the hopper's output points. The hopper pushes items into containers in this direction only.
toggle_bit	0	0 1	True if hopper cannot move items to and from its inventory. When the hopper is being powered by redstone current, this is set to true.

Block entity

See also: Block entity format

A hopper has a block entity associated with it that holds additional data about the block.

• Block entity data
  • Tags common to all block entities see Template:Nbt inherit/blockentity/template
  •  CustomName: Optional. The name of this container in JSON text component, which appears in its GUI where the default name ordinarily appears.
  •  Lock: Optional. When not blank, prevents the container from being opened unless the opener is holding an item whose name matches this string.
  •  Items: List of items in the container.
    • : An item, including the slot tag.
      • Tags common to all items see Template:Nbt inherit/item/template
  •  TransferCooldown: Time until the next transfer in game ticks, naturally between 1 and 8 or 0 if there is no transfer.
  •  LootTable: Optional. Loot table to be used to fill the hopper when it is next opened, or the items are otherwise interacted with. Note that the loot table is used when the hopper tries to push items, when it's enabled.
  •  LootTableSeed: Optional. Seed for generating the loot table. 0 or omitted uses a random seed.

Achievements

Icon	Achievement	In-game description	Actual requirements (if different)	Gamerscore earned	Trophy type (PS)
	Freight Station	Use a Hopper to move an item from a Chest Minecart to a Chest.	—	15G	Bronze
	Smelt Everything!	Connect 3 Chests to a single Furnace using 3 Hoppers.	Be within the range of three chests connected to a Furnace with 3 Hoppers.	15G	Bronze

History

Java Edition
1.5		13w01a			Added hoppers.
					Hoppers with the damage value of 1, which are obtainable only through world editing, point in no direction.
					There is currently a temporary "work in progress" sprite for hoppers in the inventory.
					Hoppers can be crafted from a chest and stone blocks with the following recipe: Recipe
		13w01b			Rails can now be placed on top of hoppers.
					Hoppers no longer load items into minecarts without chests.
		13w02a			The inventory sprite of hoppers has been changed.
					However, the item of hoppers appears bugged if dropped or placed in an item frame.
					Applying a redstone signal to a hopper now deactivates the hopper until the signal is removed.
					Hoppers can no longer be used as fuel in a furnace.
					Hoppers are now crafted using 5 iron ingots rather than 5 stone blocks. Recipe Ingredients Crafting recipe Iron Ingot + Chest
					Hoppers now pull only from the output slot of furnaces.
					Hoppers now output 1 signal strengh per 1/3 of a stack (21 items) when interacting with a redstone comparator.
					The texture of hoppers has been given a unique texture. Hoppers no longer use the cauldron texture. Note that the top texture does not rotate with facing direction.
					The preferred tool is now a pickaxe, rather than the axe.
		13w02b			Hoppers now treat large chests properly, no longer needing two hoppers connected to them to fill up the entire inventory.
					Hoppers no longer take items from containers when powered via a redstone current.
					Hoppers now display correctly as a dropped or frame item.
		13w03a			Hoppers are now used to craft a minecart with hopper.
					Hoppers can now empty a minecart with hopper.
		13w04a			The transfer rate of hoppers has been changed from 7 to 8 game ticks per item (2.5 items per second).
1.5.1		pre			Hoppers how take empty buckets out of furnace fuel slots.
1.8		?			Hoppers no longer generate multiplayer lag when idle.
		14w25a			The top texture of hoppers now rotate acocrding to the direction it faces.
		14w31a			Hoppers now no longer use wood sounds.
1.9		15w33c			A hopper now generates as a part of the end ship in the end cities.
		15w41a			End ships no longer contain a hopper.
		15w43a			Loot tables have been added; hoppers can now use loot tables.
1.9.1		pre1			A hopper can now push into and pull items from a blocked chest.
1.13		17w47a			Prior to The Flattening, this block's numeral ID was 154.
1.14		18w43a			The textures of hoppers have been changed.
		19w03c			Hoppers now use correct cullface arguments, and some redundant faces have also been deleted.
Pocket Edition Alpha
0.14.0		build 1			Added hoppers.
0.15.0		build 1			Hoppers can now be moved by pistons.
Bedrock Edition
1.10.0		beta 1.10.0.3			The textures of hoppers have been changed.
Legacy Console Edition
TU19	CU7	1.12	Patch 1		Added hoppers.
		1.90			The textures of hoppers have been changed.
New Nintendo 3DS Edition
0.1.0					Added hoppers.

Gallery

• 

  In snapshot 13w01a, the hopper item uses a 'WIP' sprite, though the item still read "Hopper".

• 

  The 13w02a Banner includes a minecart with TNT and a hopper.

• 

  An hopper facing no direction in Bedrock Edition, placed via commands.

Issues

Issues relating to "Hopper" are maintained on the bug tracker. Report issues there.

Trivia

• A real-life hopper is a large, pyramidal or cone shaped container used in industrial processes to hold particulate matter, like dust, gravel, nuts, seeds etc. and can then dispense them from the bottom
• A Hopper can transfer 9000 items/hour or 150 items/minute.
  • If a hopper needs to pull an item from another container, this speed is cut in half.

References

Redstone

View at: Template:Redstone/content [edit]

Blocks

View at: Template:Blocks/content [edit]