Brewing

Potion brewing chart (most efficient recipes, excludes splash potions). Recipes may differ in Bedrock Edition.

Brewing is the process of creating potions, splash potions and lingering potions by adding various ingredients to water bottles in a brewing stand.

Brewing potions

Brewing GUI

By placing at least one or more bottles in the lower three slots of the brewing interface, an ingredient in the upper slot, and blaze powder in the fuel slot, a player can distill the ingredients into each bottle and brew potions that may be consumed to grant an effect to the player.

Every potion starts with a water bottle, made by filling a glass bottle at a water source or filled cauldron. The next step is to add a base ingredient to create a base potion, usually nether wart is used to create an awkward potion, and adding blaze powder to the fuel slot. By brewing an effect ingredient into the awkward potion, in the same manner, the player can create a potion with a working effect. A modifier ingredient (glowstone dust, redstone dust, or fermented spider eye) may be added to make the effect more intense or last longer or change the effect entirely. Gunpowder can be added to a potion at any stage to convert it to a splash potion, which can be thrown (or fired using a dispenser) to affect all players and mobs in a radius. Dragon's breath can be added to a splash potion to convert it to a lingering potion, which can be used to create a cloud that grants an effect as long as it remains. Each brewing step takes 20 seconds.

Each piece of blaze powder used provides fuel for brewing 20 batches of potions. Fuel is consumed when a brewing operation starts and it is not recovered if the operation is halted prematurely by removing the ingredient or potion bottles.

Brewing equipment

Name	Icon	Use
Brewing Stand		Used to add ingredients into water bottles.
Cauldron		Each cauldron can hold a bucket of water (after placement), fill 3 glass bottles, or in Bedrock Edition, hold 3 bottles' worth of a single potion (after placement). Can hold water in the Nether without evaporating.
Blaze Powder		Needed to fuel the brewing stand.
Glass Bottle		Container for all kinds of potions.
Water Bottle		The starting base for all potions, made by filling a glass bottle from a cauldron or a water source block.

Ingredients

Base ingredients and modifiers

Base ingredients are ingredients that can be added directly to a water bottle and are the starting point of all potions. Nether wart is the most fundamental of the base ingredients, as it is required to make the vast majority of potions.

Modifiers are ingredients used to alter the properties of a potion or to change a potion effect into a different one. The fermented spider eye is unique in that it is the only modifier that can convert a water bottle directly into an effective potion.

Name	Icon	Result of adding to water bottle	Modifier effect
Nether Wart		Awkward Potion	Allows the creation of more complex potions.
Redstone Dust		Mundane Potion	Extends duration
Glowstone Dust		Thick Potion	Enhances level
Fermented Spider Eye		Potion of Weakness	Corrupts effect (or opposite)
Gunpowder		Splash Water Bottle	Turns normal into splash
Dragon's Breath		Lingering Water Bottle (from Splash Water Bottle)	Turns splash into lingering

Corrupting effect: A fermented spider eye changes a potion's base effect, often reversing it or producing a negative potion.

• A corrupted potion usually does the opposite of the original potion.
• Corrupting an enhanced or extended potion into an effect that supports the modifier results in a potion with the same modifier applied.
• Corrupting an enhanced potion of Poison/Healing results in a basic potion of Harming. Enhanced potions of Leaping or Swiftness cannot be corrupted.
• A potion of Invisibility is considered a "corrupted" version of a potion of Night Vision.

Splash and lingering potions: Any potion can be turned into a splash potion, and subsequently, a lingering potion. Splash and lingering potions can be used best for affecting other entities.

• Splash potions and lingering potions can be modified in the same manner as their normal counterparts. For instance, a splash water bottle can be brewed with any of the base ingredients; the result remains a splash potion.
• In Bedrock Edition, splash potions' effects have only three-fourths of the duration of the drinkable form. For example, a drinkable potion effect of 8:00 is reduced to 6:00 as a splash potion. In Java Edition, splash and drinkable forms have the same duration.
• Lingering potions have only one-fourth of the duration of the drinkable form. For instance, a drinkable potion effect of 8:00 is reduced to 2:00 as a lingering potion.

Effect ingredients

Effect ingredients imbue an awkward potion with a particular effect but do not alter potion duration or intensity. When added directly to a water bottle, most of these ingredients produce a mundane potion. The exceptions to this are golden carrot, pufferfish, turtle shell, and phantom membrane, which cannot be added directly to a water bottle.

Name	Icon	Effect	Effect when corrupted
Sugar		Speed	Slowness
Rabbit's Foot		Jump Boost
Glistering Melon Slice		Instant Health	Instant Damage
Spider Eye		Poison
Pufferfish		Water Breathing	None
Magma Cream		Fire Resistance
Golden Carrot		Night Vision	Invisibility
Blaze Powder		Strength	Weakness
Ghast Tear		Regeneration
Turtle Shell		Slowness, Resistance	None
Phantom Membrane		Slow Falling

Elements

In Education Edition, or Bedrock Edition with Education features enabled, certain elements can be used as ingredients to brew medicines that remove specific negative status effects.

Element	Icon	Effect cured
Bismuth		Nausea
Calcium		Blindness
Cobalt		Weakness
Silver		Poison

Brewing recipes

Base potions

Base potions are potions without effects, brewed by adding a single base ingredient to a water bottle. Of these, only the awkward potion can be imbued with an effect ingredient to produce a potion effect.

Potion	Reagent, base	Precursor to
Awkward Potion		Effect potions
Mundane Potion		None
Thick Potion		None

Effect potions

Effect potions are primarily created by adding an effect ingredient to an awkward potion, which is created by adding a nether wart to a water bottle. Certain effects require a potion to be corrupted by a fermented spider eye. The potion of weakness can additionally be created by simply adding a fermented spider eye to a water bottle.

Positive effects

Potion	Reagent, base	Extended	Enhanced	Effects
Potion of Healing		—	Potion of Healing	Instant Health: Restores health by 4. Enhanced: Instant Health II: Restores health by 8.
Potion of Fire Resistance ( 3:00)		Potion of Fire Resistance ( 8:00)	—	Fire Resistance: Gives immunity to damage from fire, lava, magma blocks, campfires, and blazes' ranged attacks.
Potion of Regeneration ( 0:45)		Potion of Regeneration ( 1:30)	Potion of Regeneration ( 0:22)	Regeneration: Restores health by every 2.5 seconds. Enhanced: Regeneration II: Restores health by every 1.2 seconds.
Potion of Strength ( 3:00)		Potion of Strength ( 8:00)	Potion of Strength ( 1:30)	Strength: Increases player's melee attack damage by 3. Enhanced: Strength II: Increases player's melee attack damage by 6.
Potion of Swiftness ( 3:00)		Potion of Swiftness ( 8:00)	Potion of Swiftness ( 1:30)	Speed: Increases movement speed, sprinting speed, and jumping length by 20%. Enhanced: Speed II: Increases movement speed, sprinting speed, and jumping length by 40%.
Potion of Night Vision ( 3:00)		Potion of Night Vision ( 8:00)	—	Night Vision: Makes everything appear to be at the maximum light level, including underwater areas.
Potion of Invisibility ( 3:00)		Potion of Invisibility ( 8:00)	—	Invisibility: Renders the player invisible. Equipped and wielded items are still visible.
Potion of Water Breathing ( 3:00)		Potion of Water Breathing ( 8:00)	—	Water Breathing: Prevents the oxygen bar from depleting when underwater.
Potion of Leaping ( 3:00)		Potion of Leaping ( 8:00)	Potion of Leaping ( 1:30)	Jump Boost: Increases jump height by 1⁄2 block. Enhanced: Jump Boost II: Increases jump height by 1 1⁄4 blocks.
Potion of Slow Falling ( 1:30)		Potion of Slow Falling ( 4:00)	—	Slow Falling: Causes the player to fall at a slower rate and not take any damage when hitting the ground.

Negative effects

Potion	Reagent, base(s)	Extended	Enhanced	Effects
Potion of Poison ( 0:45)		Potion of Poison ( 1:30)	Potion of Poison ( 0:21)	Poison: Depletes health by 1 every 1.25 seconds. Enhanced: Poison II: Depletes health by 1 every 0.4 seconds.
Potion of Weakness ( 1:30)		Potion of Weakness ( 4:00)	—	Weakness: Reduces player's melee attack damage by 4.
Potion of Harming		—	Potion of Harming	Instant Damage: Inflicts 6 of damage. Enhanced: Instant Damage II: Inflicts 12 × 6 of damage.
Potion of Slowness ( 1:30)		Potion of Slowness ( 4:00)	Potion of Slowness ( 0:20)	Slowness: Slows the player to 85% speed. Enhanced: Slowness IV: Slows the player to 40% speed.

Mixed effects

Potion	Reagent, base	Extended	Enhanced	Effects
Potion of the Turtle Master (0:20)		Potion of the Turtle Master (0:40)	Potion of the Turtle Master (0:20)	Slowness IV, Resistance III: Slows the player to 40% speed and reduces incoming damage to 40%. Enhanced: Slowness VI, Resistance IV: Slows the player to 10% speed and reduces incoming damage to 20%.

Cures

Cures are brewed from awkward potions using different elements.‌^{[Bedrock and Education editions only]} These remove the specified bad effect when drunk. They cannot be modified into splash, lingering, extended, or enhanced versions.

Potion	Reagent, base	Effect
Antidote		Cures Poison
Elixir		Cures Weakness
Eye Drops		Cures Blindness
Tonic		Cures Nausea

Unbrewable potions

The potion of Luck‌^{[Java Edition only]} and the potion of Decay‌^{[Bedrock Edition only]} cannot be brewed, and can be obtained only through commands or the creative inventory. In Bedrock Edition, potions of Decay can be obtained from the cauldron in a witch hut.

History

Java Edition
?					The brewing system was originally meant to be procedural, meaning that the recipes were meant to be different each time one generated a Minecraft world.
1.0.0		Beta 1.9 Prerelease 2			Initially, the cauldron was where potions were brewed, though cauldrons were not assigned a block ID, rendering potions unobtainable except through modding the cauldron so that it would be obtainable. When the cauldron was obtained, potions could be brewed by adding water to the cauldron followed by certain ingredients. Correctly combined ingredients would confer purely beneficial potion effects, and incorrect combinations added negative effects. The system was complicated, lacked a GUI, and formed many duplicate potions (i.e. two potions that were the same could be made in several different ways), so Notch and Jeb came up with a new brewing method using a brewing stand.
		Beta 1.9 Prerelease 3			A brewing GUI was added and most duplicate potions were removed (the total possible potions went down from 150 combinations to only 25 different potions in 31 combinations). Some status effects available in earlier 1.9 pre-releases as potions became inaccessible (e.g. Nausea, Blindness, and Invisibility).
		Beta 1.9 Prerelease 4			Throwable splash potions introduced, brewed by placing gunpowder and any potion together in a brewing stand.
					Glistering melon was added to be the ingredient for the potion of Healing; the ghast tear, which previously served this purpose, is now used for the potion of Regeneration instead.
					Converted certain ingredients into base-secondary ingredients (the spider eye, glistering melon and blaze powder made mundane potion when brewed into a water bottle in addition to their previous functions), bringing the potion total to 28 different potions in 35 combinations.
1.1		12w01a			The time to brew potions was decreased to 20 seconds.
1.4.2		12w34a			Brewing recipes for potions of Night Vision and Invisibility added.
1.5		13w01a			Hoppers added, which can move items in and out of brewing stands.
1.7.2		13w36a			Potion of Water Breathing added.
1.8		14w27a			Potion of Leaping added.
1.8.1		pre1			The potion of Leaping can now be extended using redstone.
1.9		15w31a			Glowstone and redstone can no longer be added to already extended or enhanced potions.
					Fermented spider eyes can no longer be added to enhanced potions of Speed or Leaping, but can still be added to extended potions of Poison.
					Potions of Weakness can no longer be made using a thick potion, mundane potion, awkward potion, potion of Regeneration, or potion of Strength.
					Potions of Slowness can no longer be made using a potion of Fire Resistance.
					Potions of Harming can no longer be made using a potion of Water Breathing.
					Removed reverted potions and "extended" mundane potion, as well as unused potion IDs. See Java Edition removed features § Potions for more information.
					Splash potions can now be created from all potions, including water bottles.
		15w33a			Added lingering potions.
		15w42a			Blaze powder is now required as fuel for brewing.
		15w43a			Blaze powder as fuel reduced from 30 points to 20.
1.13		18w07a			Potion of the Turtle Master added.
		18w14a			Potion of Slow Falling added.
Pocket Edition Alpha
0.12.1		build 1			Added potions and brewing.
Pocket Edition
1.0.0		alpha 0.17.0.1			Added lingering potions.
Bedrock Edition
1.2.0		beta 1.2.0.2			Blaze powder is now required as fuel for brewing.
1.4.0		beta 1.2.20.1			Added four new potions known as cures: antidote, elixir, eye drops, and tonic.
1.5.0		beta 1.5.0.4			Potion of the Turtle Master added.
1.6.0		beta 1.6.0.5			Potion of Slow Falling added.
Legacy Console Edition
TU7	CU1	1.0	Patch 1		Added potions and brewing.
TU14		1.04			Potions of Night Vision and Invisibility added.
TU46	CU36	1.38	Patch 15		Lingering potions added.
					Blaze powder is now required as fuel for brewing.

Potion type history

Potions brewing in cauldrons (1.9 pre2).

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Based on information found in minecraft.jar/lang/en_US.lang, the current potion types are listed below:

• Potion of Swiftness (Speed)
• Potion of Slowness
• Potion of Strength
• Potion of Weakness
• Potion of Healing (Instant Health for players, Instant Damage for undead)
• Potion of Harming (Instant Damage for players, Instant Health for undead)
• Potion of Regeneration
• Potion of Fire Resistance
• Potion of Water Breathing
• Potion of Poison
• Potion of Night Vision
• Potion of Invisibility
• Potion of Leaping (Jump Boost)
• Potion of Slow Falling
• Potion of Turtle Master (both Resistance and Slowness)

Due to changes in the brewing system, the following potions are currently not accessible:

• Potion of Haste
• Potion of Dullness (Mining Fatigue)
• Potion of Nausea
• Potion of Confusion (Blindness)
• Potion of Hunger
• Potion of Decay (Wither)
• Potion of Resistance

Some potions also do not have a real name in Minecraft, and are currently not accessible:

• Potion of potion.healthBoost.postFix (Health Boost)
• Potion of potion.absorption.postFix (Absorption)
• Potion of potion.saturation.postFix (Saturation)

Trivia

Splash potion brewed using gunpowder.

• Brewing continues as long as at least one of the three bottom spaces is filled, and additional bottles of water or potions can be added. However, if the ingredient is removed, or the bottom three slots are emptied at any time during the process, the process stops and nothing is brewed.
• The three potions do not necessarily have to be the same.
• Upgrading the effect of a potion that has no time parameter (e.g. Instant Health) with glowstone dust has no downsides.
• Upgrading the time of a potion that has no level II effect (e.g. Fire Resistance) with redstone has no downsides.
• Although Jeb said that in Beta 1.9 Prerelease 3 there would be 161 possible different potion combinations with 2,653 in the future, in the actual third pre-release only 22 different potions could be made without the use of external programs. Of those, 19 potions had one of 8 different effects.
• Undead mobs take damage from potions of Healing, gain health from potions of Harming, and are unaffected by potions of Poison and Regeneration.
• By modifying the item NBT using an editor or commands, it is possible to get a potion that cannot be upgraded into a splash potion.
• The potion of Weakness is the only potion with an effect that can be brewed without needing to have a nether wart.
• Brewing recipes are one of the few types of crafting that cannot be included in data packs.

Gallery

• 

  Texture file for the 1.9 brewing user interface

See also

• Crafting
• Enchanting
• Smelting

External links

• Minecraft Forum: All About Potions And Brewing - 1.9 Reference Guide
• Minecraft Potions - A Visual Guide
• Minecraft Commands - A Searchable Minecraft Database

Gameplay

View at: Template:Gameplay/content [edit]